Perioperative metabolic changes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Abstract: Perioperative metabolic changes in cardiac surgery patients are not only induced by tissue injury and extracorporeal circulation .the Pathophysiolgy changes include increased oxygen consumption and energy expenditure, increases secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone, cortisol ,epinephrine, norepinephrine, insulin, and growth hormone ad decrease total tri- iodothyronine levels. Easily measurable metabolic consequences of these changes include hyperglycemia, [...]
